Digital Education
The Digital Education group conducts empirical and theoretical research regarding the cognitive design of digital learning as well as ethical issues of digital education.
We investigate digital learning and instruction from a cognitive science perspective and primarily utilize methods from the field of cognitive psychology. In addition, we develop theoretical frameworks and address ethical challenges.
Research
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Engel-Hermann & Skulmowski (2025)
AI, Learning, and Ethics
Artificial intelligence (AI) tools have evolved into important parts of everyday life, resulting in challenges for education. Generative AI tools can be used to effortlessly create texts, visualizations, and videos using prompts. This relative ease has several implications, such as placebo effects that lead AI users to overestimate their abilities. A major focus in this research area consists in the ethical issues surrounding AI-generated content in education and science. Read a current publication on the ethics of erroneous AI-generated visualizations in science by clicking the link below.
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Skulmowski & Xu (2022)
Cognitive Load Alignment
Virtually all forms of digital education result in at least some form of cognitive load. For instance, interactive simulations and serious games require learners to familiarize themselves with their controls, which are not directly related to the learning content. Influential theories of learning suggest that such demands would lead to diminished learning, while several studies indicate that (some) cognitive load does not necessarily lead to negative effects. The approach of cognitive load alignment holds that cognitive load in digital learning can be justified if the digital learning components are in alignment with the learning objective. The key publication on cognitive load alignment can be found under the following link.
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Skulmowski et al. (2022)
Realism
Computer-generated visualizations, virtual reality, and augmented reality are becoming increasingly important components of education. A high level of visual detail does not necessarily help learners (and may even overwhelm them), yet simplified styles do not provide the optimal level of realism for all types of learning objectives. In this research area, learners' cognitive processing of realistic visualizations is studied and implications for design are drawn. To read a theoretical framework for learning with realistic visualizations, click on the link below.
Recent publications
- Skulmowski, A., & Engel-Hermann, P. (2025). The ethics of erroneous AI-generated scientific figures. Ethics and Information Technology, 27, 31.
- Dechamps, T., & Skulmowski, A. (2025). Learning with erroneous visualizations modulates retention depending on perceptual richness and test type. Trends in Neuroscience and Education, 40, 100256.
- Dechamps, T., & Skulmowski, A. (2025). The effective design of tasks involving learning by drawing: Current trends and methodological progress in research on drawing to learn. Educational Psychology Review, 37, 50.
- Engel-Hermann, P., & Skulmowski, A. (2025). Appealing, but misleading: a warning against a naive AI realism. AI and Ethics, 5, 3407–3413.
Projects
The research group is involved in multiple grant-funded projects:
AQUA-d is a doctoral and postdoctoral program in which teachers have the opportunity to obtain their Ph.D. in the field of digital learning while building upon their experience in the education system. It is funded by the Ministry of Science, Research and Arts Baden-Württemberg with €2.4 million.
Wissensmedien (Knowledge Media) is a cooperative doctoral program in which Ph.D. students investigate several facets of digital learning, such as cognition, knowledge acquisition, interactive systems, and artificial intelligence. The program is funded by the Ministry of Science, Research and Arts Baden-Württemberg with €870,000.
Completed projects:
DiAs - Digital Assessment was aimed at evaluating and developing digital assessment methods for our university (€2 million).
Team
Academic Staff and Ph.D. Students
Updated on 1 April 2026